match

This will allow for a nicer FizzBuzz solution:

<?php

function fizzbuzz($num) {
    print match (0) {
        $num % 15 => "FizzBuzz" . PHP_EOL,
        $num % 3  => "Fizz" . PHP_EOL,
        $num % 5  => "Buzz" . PHP_EOL,
        default   => $num . PHP_EOL,
    };
}

for ($i = 0; $i <=100; $i++)
{
    fizzbuzz($i);
}

<?php
function days_in_month(string $month, $year): int
{
    return match(strtolower(substr($month, 0, 3))) {
        'jan' => 31,
        'feb' => is_leap($year) ? 29 : 28,
        'mar' => 31,
        'apr' => 30,
        'may' => 31,
        'jun' => 30,
        'jul' => 31,
        'aug' => 31,
        'sep' => 30,
        'oct' => 31,
        'nov' => 30,
        'dec' => 31,
        default => throw new InvalidArgumentException("Bogus month"),
    };
}
?>

can be more concisely written as

<?php
function days_in_month(string $month, $year): int
{
    return match(strtolower(substr($month, 0, 3))) {
        'apr', 'jun', 'sep',  'nov'  => 30,        
        'jan', 'mar', 'may', 'jul', 'aug',  'oct', 'dec'  => 31,
        'feb' => is_leap($year) ? 29 : 28,
        default => throw new InvalidArgumentException("Bogus month"),
    };
}
?>

As well as being similar to a switch, match expressions can be thought of as enhanced lookup tables — for when a simple array lookup isn't enough without extra handling of edge cases, but a full switch statement would be overweight.

For a familiar example, the following
<?php

function days_in_month(string $month): int
{
    static $lookup = [
    'jan' => 31,
    'feb' => 0,
    'mar' => 31,
    'apr' => 30,
    'may' => 31,
    'jun' => 30,
    'jul' => 31,
    'aug' => 31,
    'sep' => 30,
    'oct' => 31,
    'nov' => 30,
    'dec' => 31
    ];

    $name = strtolower(substr($name, 0, 3));

    if(isset($lookup[$name])) {
        if($name == 'feb') {
            return is_leap($year) ? 29 : 28;
        } else {
            return $lookup[$name];
        }
    }
    throw new InvalidArgumentException("Bogus month");
}

?>

with the fiddly stuff at the end, can be replaced by

<?php
function days_in_month(string $month): int
{
    return match(strtolower(substr($month, 0, 3))) {
        'jan' => 31,
        'feb' => is_leap($year) ? 29 : 28,
        'mar' => 31,
        'apr' => 30,
        'may' => 31,
        'jun' => 30,
        'jul' => 31,
        'aug' => 31,
        'sep' => 30,
        'oct' => 31,
        'nov' => 30,
        'dec' => 31,
        default => throw new InvalidArgumentException("Bogus month"),
    };
}
?>

Which also takes advantage of "throw" being handled as of PHP 8.0 as an expression instead of a statement.

While match allows chaining multiple conditions with ",", like:
<?php
$result = match ($source) {
    cond1, cond2 => val1,
    default => val2
};
?>
it seems not valid to chain conditions with default, like:
<?php
$result = match ($source) {
    cond1 => val1,
    cond2, default => val2
};
?>

If you want to execute multiple return expressions when matching a conditional expression, you can do so by stating all return expressions inside an array.

<?php
    $countries = ['Belgium', 'Netherlands'];
    $spoken_languages = [
        'Dutch' => false,
        'French' => false,
        'German' => false,
        'English' => false,
    ];

    foreach ($countries as $country) {
        match($country) {
            'Belgium' => [
                $spoken_languages['Dutch'] = true,
                $spoken_languages['French'] = true,
                $spoken_languages['German'] = true,
            ],
            'Netherlands' => $spoken_languages['Dutch'] = true,
            'Germany' => $spoken_languages['German'] = true,
            'United Kingdom' => $spoken_languages['English'] = true,
        };
    }

    var_export($spoken_languages); 
    // array ( 'Dutch' => true, 'French' => true, 'German' => true, 'English' => false, )

?>

Yes it currently does not support code blocks but this hack works:

match ($foo){
    'bar'=>(function(){
        echo "bar";
    })(),
    default => (function(){
        echo "baz";
    })()
};

I use match instead of storing PDOStatement::rowCount() result and chaining if/elseif conditions or use the ugly switch/break :

<?php

$sql = <<<SQL
    INSERT INTO ...
    ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE ...
    SQL;

$upkeep = $pdo->prepare($sql);

$count_untouched = 0;
$count_inserted = 0;
$count_updated = 0;

foreach ($data as $record) {
    $upkeep->execute($record);
    match ($upkeep->rowCount()) {
        0 => $count_untouched++,
        1 => $count_inserted++,
        2 => $count_updated++,
    };
}

echo "Untouched rows : {$count_untouched}\r\n";
echo "Inserted rows : {$count_inserted}\r\n";
echo "Updated rows : {$count_updated}\r\n";

While you can’t polyfill a language construct, you can mimic the basic behaviour with a simple array.

Using example 2 above:

<?php
    $food = 'apple';
    $return_value = match ($food) {
        'apple' => 'This food is an apple',
        'bar' => 'This food is a bar',
        'cake' => 'This food is a cake',
    };    
    print $return_value;
?>

… you can get something similar with:

<?php
    $food = 'apple';    
    $return_value = [
        'apple' => 'This food is an apple',
        'bar' => 'This food is a bar',
        'cake' => 'This food is a cake',
    ][$food];
    print $return_value;
?>

You can enforce a type return on match by wrapping in a self-calling function, like this:

<?php

$operationId = 3;

$operationLabel = (fn (): string => match($operationId) {
    1 => 'Add',
    2 => 'Subtract',
    3 => ['Not string'], // Invalid case,
    default => 'Unknown'
})()

?>

In the above example, the following error will be throwed: 

Fatal error: Uncaught TypeError: (...): Return value must be of type string, array returned in /home/user/scripts/code.php:9
Stack trace: ...

In response to yawarmushtaq52 at gmail dot com.... 

Switches were only ugly due to how people used them. Lot's of logic INSIDE THE SWITCH is never a good idea. K&R, as opposed to GNU or Whitesmiths doesn't help. The inability of people to think freely / pragmatically about what they've been taught. 

First things first, matches can be ugly too. 

<?php
match ($action) {
    'save'   => saveProduct(),

    'update' => (static function() {
        Log::info('Updating product...');
        return updateProduct();
    })(), 

    default  => throw new InvalidArgumentException("Unknown action: $action"),
};
?>

Here is how most people see switches.
<?php
switch (true) {
    case $age < 18:
        $discount = 0.20; // 20% minor discount
        break;
        
    case $age >= 65:
        $discount = 0.15; // 15% senior discount
        break;
        
    case $hasMembership && $age < 30:
        $discount = 0.10; // 10% young adult member discount
        break;
        
    default:
        $discount = 0.00;
        break;
}
?>

All 17 lines of it. But it always could've looked like...

<?php
switch (true) 
  {
  case $age < 18:                   { $discount = 0.20; break; }  // 20% minor discount
  case $hasMembership && $age < 30: { $discount = 0.10; break; }  // 10% young adult member discount 
  case $age < 30:
  case $age < 40:
  case $age < 50:                   { $discount = check_for_specials($age); break; }
  case $age < 65:                   { $discount = mid_years_specials($age); break; }
  case $age >= 65:                  { $discount = 0.15; break; }  // 15% senior discount
  default:                          { $discount = 0.00; }
  }
?>

Capable of more than the first example, easier to read, and 6 less lines. 
Additionally, "falling through" means it's easy for me to see from 19 to 50 and know what's going on without having to read from side to side.  It's an easy visual indicator to the logic. The equivalent match is more verbose. 

<?php
$discount = match (true) 
  {
  $age < 18                   => 0.20,
  $hasMembership && $age < 30 => 0.10,
  $age < 30                   => check_for_specials($age),
  $age < 40                   => check_for_specials($age),
  $age < 50                   => check_for_specials($age),
  $age < 65                   => mid_years_specials($age),
  $age >= 65                  => 0.15,
  default                     => 0.00,
  };
?>

Sure! We could collapse 19 > 50 for both examples. 

<?php
switch (true) 
  {
  case $age < 18:                   { $discount = 0.20; break; }
  case $hasMembership && $age < 30: { $discount = 0.10; break; }
  case $age < 50:                   { $discount = check_for_specials($age); break; }
  case $age < 65:                   { $discount = mid_years_specials($age); break; }
  case $age >= 65:                  { $discount = 0.15; break; }
  default:                          { $discount = 0.00; break; }
  }

$discount = match (true) 
  {
  $age < 18                   => 0.20,
  $hasMembership && $age < 30 => 0.10,
  $age < 50                   => check_for_specials($age),
  $age < 65                   => mid_years_specials($age),
  $age >= 65                  => 0.15,
  default                     => 0.00,
  };
?>

Do those really look that different? Is Switch really that ugly?

Since `match` is a better alternative in MOST cases for modern software, adding this comment so that if someone googles "`switch` in PHP" then this page also shows in the search results.

If you are using a match expression for non-identity checks as described above make sure whatever you are using is actually returning `true` on success.

Quite often you rely on truthy vs. falsy when using if conditions and that will not work for match (for example `preg_match`). Casting to bool will solve this issue.